Kisii: In efforts to boost populations of endangered fish and improve food security, the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KEMFRI) has initiated a study on two indigenous fish species that were once abundant in Lake Victoria. The research focuses on the Oreochromis Esculentus and Oreochromis Variabilis, known locally as Ngege and Mbiru, respectively. According to Kenya News Agency, the study, led by KEMFRI's Assistant Director of Aquaculture, Dr. Paul Orina, is centered at the Kegati Aquaculture Centre in Kisii Central Sub County. Dr. Orina emphasized the historical significance of these species, which were predominant in Lake Victoria during the 1950s but have since been overshadowed by the introduction of Nile perch and Nile tilapia. These newer species have thrived, leading to a significant decline in the native populations. "Our mandate is to research and conserve the traditional genetic material for Ngege and Mbiru at the lake region and bring them back to avoid over-reliance on one or two species for food," Dr. Orina stated. The ongoing research aims to determine if these indigenous species can surpass the nutritional value of the currently dominant Nile tilapia, potentially offering a superior alternative for enhancing the nation's food security. The initiative also explores whether these fish species will be readily accepted by local communities, including vulnerable groups such as youth, women, and persons with disabilities who are engaged in aquaculture practices like fish caging and pond farming. "We are bringing on board a subsector that is able to make economic meaning to our communities and especially women, persons with disability (PWD), and the youth so that they can do these enterprises, create employment, improve food security and nutrition," added Dr. Orina. The project is a collaborative effort involving Boston University, Rio Fish, and PlusFish Philanthropy, and aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 17, which advocates for partnerships in research across East Africa, includ ing with Uganda and Tanzania. Despite the potential benefits, the research has faced challenges, particularly in adapting the first generation of studied fish from their natural habitats to controlled environments such as cages or ponds. Dr. Orina also noted environmental pressures, including urban expansion and pollution from nearby cities, which have compounded the difficulties in sustaining fish populations. The proposed solution involves a selective breeding program akin to that undergone by Nile tilapia, aimed at enhancing traits that allow these indigenous species to compete effectively in aquaculture. "Having this fish on board will improve not only the quantity but good diet too, mainly protein and high essential fatty acids," Dr. Orina concluded.