Tanzania plans to plant 267 million trees in 2023

DAR ES SALAAM, Jan 1 (NNN-DAILYNEWS) — MINISTER of State in the Vice President’s Office (Union and Environment) Dr Selemani Jafo has unveiled plan of planting 267 million trees this year (2023), urging all Tanzanians to join forces of planting trees and protecting the environment to revert effects of global warming.

“I urge all Tanzanians in urban and rural settings to heed President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s call of joining efforts to conserve environment for our own development,” Dr Jafo said during an exercise of planting 100 trees in areas surrounding Kijazi Interchange in Dar es Salaam, on Saturday.

In achieving this year’s target, each of the 184 district councils country has been tasked to plant an average of 1.5 million trees.

He further warned Tanzanians against cutting down trees that have been planted in order to maintain greenish and cleanliness at homes and public places.

“The main goal is to realize President Samia’s Vision and implement her directives on environment protection and tree planting. So let us all raise up and join forces since planting trees is important for our lives and that of future generations,” the minister insisted.

The Campaign in Dar es Salaam, which was organized by Twende Pamoja organization, was also attended by Ubungo District Commissioner Kheri James.

In his speech while welcoming the Minister, James called upon residents in his district, petty traders in particular to adhere to environmental safety and cleanliness and ensure they conduct businesses designated places.

Youths from different parts of the Ubungo district took part in the cleaning and tree planting campaign in district’s streets. Activities included removing garbage from water trenches to allow smooth flow of rainy water, hence, to avoid floods.

Meanwhile, Tanzanian religious leaders have pledged to plant 100,000 trees in supporting the government’s efforts in protecting the environment to fight climate change effects in the New Year 2023.

They said they will organize a movement on environment conservation that will include tree planting while preaching the word of God.

The statement was made by association of religious leaders namely “Lake Zone Association of Prophets” during a press conference led by their spokesperson Pastor Godfrey Fungo.

The new conference, which was in line with activities to welcome the New Year 2023, was held at the Divine Favour Christian Church based in Nyamagana District.

Fungo said environment conservation and the life are inseparable, calling upon citizens to protect their environment by avoiding illegal tree cutting which can lead to desertification with its related harmful consequences including low rainfall and surge in cost of living due to food shortage.

“Making good environment for our country depends on our desire to see more tree flourishing. Protecting the environment is a must,” he said.

He further commended the government for its visionary decision of implementing different strategic economic projects including the 1,596-kilometre Standard Gauge Railway (SGR), worth 16.67tri/-, as well as the Kigongo-Busisi Bridges, a 3-kilometre bridge, worth 716bn/-, which all aims at positioning Tanzania at a better economic position.

Source: Nam News Network

Sudanese leader reaffirms army commitment to exit political process

KHARTOUM— Chairman of Sudan’s Transitional Sovereign Council Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan reaffirmed the commitment of the military to exit the political process in the country.

Al-Burhan made the remarks in a speech to the nation on the occasion of the 67th anniversary of Sudan’s independence.

“We reiterate the commitment of the military institution to completely exit the political process together with our commitment to protect the transitional period in response to the revolutionary demands and necessities of transition,” Al-Burhan said.

He expressed the hope that the transitional government would be formed with its main programs aimed to find urgent solutions to the economic problems, complete peacebuilding, achieve security and stability and prepare the country for the elections.

Al-Burhan further called on the national and political leaders to unite the ranks and lay foundations for the unity and building of the country.

On Dec. 5, Sudan’s military and civilian leaders signed a political framework agreement to end the political impasse and institute a two-year transitional civilian authority.

Source: Nam News Network

General Assembly approves UN regular budget for 2023

UNITED NATIONS– The General Assembly on Friday approved an annual regular budget for the United Nations of about 3.396 billion U.S. dollars.

The 2023 budget is higher than that of 2022, which stood at 3.122 billion dollars.

The regular budget covers UN activities across a range of areas, including political affairs, international justice and law, regional cooperation for development, human rights and humanitarian affairs, and public information.

The world body has a separate peacekeeping budget, which has a fiscal cycle ending on June 30. The regular budget covers the calendar year.

Source: Nam News Network

Indirect effects of COVID-19 on child and adolescent mental health: an overview of systematic reviews

Leila Harrison, Bianca Carducci, Jonathan D Klein, Ahmed Bhutta

Correspondence to Dr Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta; zulfiqar.bhutta@aku.edu

Abstract

Introduction To control the spread of COVID-19, mitigation strategies have been implemented globally, which may have unintended harmful effects on child and adolescent mental health. This study aims to synthesise the indirect mental health impacts on children and adolescents globally due to COVID-19 mitigation strategies.

Methods We included relevant reviews from MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, LILACS, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science until January 2022 that examined the impact of COVID-19-related lockdown and stay-at-home measures on the mental health of children and adolescents. Data extraction and quality assessments were completed independently and in duplicate by BC and LH. A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 was used to assess the methodological quality.

Results Eighteen systematic reviews, comprising 366 primary studies, found a pooled prevalence of 32% for depression (95% CI: 27 to 38, n=161 673) and 32% for anxiety (95% CI: 27 to 37, n=143 928) in children and adolescents globally following COVID-19 mitigation measures. Subgroup analyses also uncovered important differences for both depression and anxiety by World Health Organization regions with few studies from Africa and relative high burden of anxiety and depression in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

Conclusions Our findings reveal a high prevalence of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, globally, compared with prepandemic estimates. These findings highlight the urgency for governments and policymakers to strengthen mental health systems in the COVID-19 recovery, especially in low-and middle-income countries where compounding psychological stress, access and affordability of care and discrepant reporting of mental health in this population remains a challenge. We also provide insight into how to alter mitigation strategies to reduce the unintended negative consequences for the health and well-being of children and adolescents in future pandemics.

Source: British Medical Journal

A training manual for agricultural extension agents: The use of RICCAR climate data in a crop model (APSIM) to identify context-based climate adaptation and mitigation options

1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING MATERIAL

A. Introduction and purpose of this training material

The Arab region in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) represents a substantial area of the terrestrial landmass encompassing several countries and ecosystems. This area is generally drier and warmer compared to the rest of the world and has extreme resource limitations that are highly vulnerable to a changing climate, geopolitical instability and land degradation (Slimani & Aidoud, 2004). Agriculture (crops and livestock) is a critical source of employment and a potential option for engaging rural youth. However, environmental degradation coupled with declining and variable agricultural productivity may pose a massive challenge already beset by instability and declining oil reserves (Tagliapietra, 2017). The Arab region is also subjected to short and long-duration climate extreme events, and the overall impact of their cascading effects on ecosystems, societies and economies is still an open question. Climate change, along with post-war geopolitical complexities, has greatly affected the Arab region in terms of its economy and social balance. Climate change has penetrating effects on the region’s agriculture sector and hence its economy. These are mainly manifested via changes in water resources and extreme weather conditions such as heatwaves and a drastic decline in precipitation.

Although several downscaled and bias-corrected climate datasets are available, their operational use is too challenging for lay and novice users. To make the data meaningful, it must be assimilated into crop models to support context-specific climate-smart agriculture (CSA) solutions that often present technical challenges. To overcome these, and to support increased utilization of the data, a training manual on how to use the Regional Initiative for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources and Socio-Economic Vulnerability in the Arab Region (RICCAR) data in a popular crop simulation model has been developed. The main objective of this training material is to develop instructional materials for agriculture extension agents and practitioners interested in using crop modelling in their activities on how to integrate and utilize long-term climate data in a typical and commonly used crop model such as APSIM and identify a Context-Based Climate Adaptation Option (CBCAO)

B. The RICCAR climate data series

An ensemble climate product developed under the RICCAR project is used for the long-term future climate data inputted into the crop simulation model. RICCAR is an outcome of a collaborative effort between the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), the League of Arab States and respective specialized organizations in response to the request of the Arab Ministerial Water Council and the Council of Arab Ministers Responsible for the Environment to deepen the understanding of the impact of climate change. The RICCAR initiative aims to assess the impact of climate change on freshwater resources in the Arab region through a consultative and integrated assessment that seeks to identify the socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability caused by climate change impacts on water resources in the Arab region. There are two series of RICCAR climate products as shown in table 1: (1) the RICCAR-Arab Domain and (2) the RICCAR-Mashreq Domain. In this training manual, the datasets will be used according to the context. The RICCAR-Arab Domain consists of the outputs of three global climate models (GCMs) (CNRM-CM5, GFDL-ESM2M and EC-EARTH1 ) that were downscaled and bias-corrected (1951-2100) for different climate change scenarios (representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5). The spatial resolution is 50 km with a daily time step from 1951 to 2100. The RICCAR-Mashreq Domain consists of the outputs of six GCMs (CMCC-CM2-SR5, CNRMESM2-1, EC-Earth3-Veg, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, MRI-ESM2-0 and NorESM2-MM2 ) that were downscaled and bias-corrected for the SSP5-8.5 climate change scenario. The geographical area of these two domains is shown in the map. In this manual, these climate products were strategically analysed, and the climate change dynamics of the Arab region were studied.

Source: World Health Organization